MAMA XI 100 (Akmoneia)

This monument is the base of a statue voted by the boule and demos of Akmoneia and set up at the expense of two brothers, Zenodotos and Orestes, the sons of Orestes. In line 7, one would have expected ἀναστησάντων; it is possible that the mason accidentally omitted the first three letters of the word through haplography (ἀνδριάντα ⟨ἀνα⟩στησάντων).

The honorand, Q. Claudius Pollio, son of Ti. Claudius Euxenos, is twice attested at the neighbouring city of Hierapolis, in the Phrygian Pentapolis, although this is the first text to give his full name and patronym. His is the sole magistrate’s name to appear on the provincial bronze coinage of Hierapolis, in the form ‘Claudius Pollio, asiarch’. Pollio minted five different issues at Hierapolis, with obverse types depicting Marcus Aurelius, Lucius Verus, Faustina ΙΙ, Herakles, and the personified demos of Hierapolis. The types for Marcus and Verus (nos. 1-2) carry the reverse legend ἐπιμεληθέντος Κλ. Πωλλίωνος ἀσιάρχου Ἱεροπολειτῶν; the other types (nos. 3-5) have an abbreviated version.

(1) M. Aurelius/Zeus: SNG Von Aulock 8386
(2) L. Verus/Zeus: BMC Phrygia 267, no. 14; Imhoof-Blumer, KM I 244, no. 4
(3) Faustina II/Cybele: BMC Phrygia 268, no. 15; BM 1921-4-12-96; Coll. Wadd. 6189; KM I 244, no. 3
(4) Herakles/bucranium with crescent moon and stars: BMC Phrygia 265, no. 1; Coll. Wadd. 6186; KM I 244, no. 1; Münzen u. Medaillen Deutschland Auction 16 (2005) 515
(5) Demos/Men: BMC Phrygia 265, no. 4; Coll. Wadd. 6187; KM I 244, no. 2

We may assume that all five types were minted on the same occasion, presumably that of Pollio’s asiarchate, which thus ought to fall between AD 161 and 169 (Campanile 1994: 90). That his asiarchate is not mentioned on our inscription from Akmoneia may, but not need, imply that the inscription predates the coin-issues.

Pollio also appears in a hagiographical text of the late fourth or early fifth century, the Life of Abercius, the fictionalised biography of a second-century bishop of Hierapolis (Nissen 1912: 3-55; Thonemann 2012). The historical setting of the Life of Abercius is the period of the joint reign of Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus. One of the leading characters in the Life is a certain Euxeinianos Pollio, there described as ‘the greatest man in the city [sc. Hierapolis], and possessing great influence, since he was respected and highly honoured by the emperor’ (Εὐξεινιανοῦ τοῦ Πολλίωνος τοῦ μεγίστου ὄντος ἐν τῇ πόλει καὶ δυναστεύοντος ὡς παρὰ τοῦ αὐτοκράτορος γνωρίμου καὶ τιμιωτάτου ὄντος: Vita Abercii 20). All three individuals – Q. Claudius Pollio, son of Ti. Claudius Euxenos (inscription from Akmoneia); Claudius Pollio, asiarch (coinage from Hierapolis); Hieropolitan magnate Euxeinianos Pollio (Life of Abercius) – are evidently to be identified with one another (Franco 2005: 500-3; Thonemann 2012).

The form Euxeinianos in the Life of Abercius is simply a patronymic adjective or signum representing ‘son of Euxe(i)nos’. This onomastic phenomenon is fairly common in Roman Asia Minor (Lambertz 1914: 149-51). A near-contemporary of Pollio at Apameia-Kelainai, in southern Phrygia, carried the name Τιβέριος Κλαύδιος Τιβερίου Κλαυδίου Μιθριδάτου υἱὸς Κυρείνα Πείσων Μιθριδατιανός (‘Ti. Claudius Piso, son of Ti. Claudius Mithridates, of the tribe Quirina, also known as Mithridatianos’: MAMA VI 180; IGR IV 790); also at Apameia, in the late third century AD, we hear of an individual by the name of Μ. Αὐρ. Ἀντώνιος Τ[ρυφωνιαν]ὸς Ἀπολλινάριος, son of [Πρ]οκλιανὸς Τρύφων (IGR IV 784). It is not difficult to assume that Q. Claudius Pollio, son of Ti. Claudius Euxenos, was also commonly known as Euxe(i)nianos.

The name Euxenos is not especially common; it was, however, current in central Phrygia during the Roman imperial period. A native of Eukarpia, also in the Pentapolis, carried the name Πατροκλῆς Πατροκλέους τοῦ Εὐξένο[υ π]ένπτου Εὐκαρπεύς (MAMA XI 45 (1954/13) [SEG 15, 810]: Emircik, territory of Eumeneia). The name is twice attested at Eumeneia (Ramsay, Phrygia II 389, no. 239: Haydan, territory of Eumeneia; MAMA IV 346: Işıklı). At Sebaste, we find a Euxenos son of Apollonios (Ramsay, Phrygia II 600, no. 472: Selçikler). At Akmoneia itself, a woman by the name of Euxenis is known (MAMA VI 301: Ahat), and an inscription from Hocalar, south-east of Ahat (territory of Diokleia?), records the name of a woman called Basilo, daughter of Euxenos (MAMA VI 358). Further to the north, in the highlands north of Afyon, we find a Demas son of Euxenos (Haspels, Highlands 353, no. 141: Ilıca), and at Nakoleia, a Euxenides (MAMA V 272: Seyitgazi).

The spelling of the name Pollio in this text is paralleled in another inscription from Akmoneia (MAMA XI 101 [1955/99]: Πωλ̣ί̣ων̣[α]) and in a text from Brouzos in the Pentapolis (MAMA XI 136 [1955/38; IGR IV 681]: Πωλίωνος, gen.). The coinage from Hierapolis has the more accurate spelling Πωλλίωνος (gen.).